Development is a complex process that gives rise to several theses, which are as diverse as they are controversial, concerning its definition. The UNDP presented, as it does every year, a report on human development published in 2022. This document thus served as the basis for the analysis of this study, the objective of which is to present and comment on the ranking of African countries and to throw a critical look at the indicators used for this purpose. The methodological approach was essentially documentary and indeed consisted in reviewing the UNDP report, as well as many other scientific documents. The analysis of the said report reveals that the only African country to appear in the category of countries with very high human development (DH) is Mauritius (63rd in the world). In that of the high DH, there are seven countries, namely the Seychelles Islands, Algeria, Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, South Africa and Gabon. Next in the medium DH category are Botswana and Morocco. It should be noted that no West African country is among the top ten in the ranking. In addition, the study made it possible to identify the shortcomings of economic indicators such as GDP, the promoters of which are accused of ignoring harmful and domestic services in their calculations. As for the UNDP, which is at the origin of the HDI, many researchers denounce the solitary and, moreover, arbitrary choice of the components of this index made by the UNDP to assess development. In addition to the HDI, the IPM takes into account certain basic social services such as access to electricity and water.

The rural communities benefiting from PIT NGO's funding struggle to take ownership of the projects carried out in their localities, despite their participation. This is the case of the communities in the area of intervention of the Sokodé Program Unit which has 256 villages in the prefectures of Tchaoudjo and Tchamba. This article aims to identify the factors that explain the non-continuation of projects after the end of their funding. Thus, while all the respondents state that PIT is the initiating institution of participatory diagnoses, they are 8,08% of respondents to find effective the training of the facilitators (external and local), against 63,64% who consider it less effective and 28.28% who find it completely ineffective. In addition, 100% of the members of the ad-hoc committees, against 60% and 40% of those of CVD, 75% and 25% of agents partners and 20% and 10% of agents of PIT, respectively recognize in this NGO and communities, the structures that identify the projects to be carried out. Moreover, during the implementation of the projects, all the respondents denounced the haste with which the community trainings are organized, the lack of practices on the ground after the sessions in theaters and the post-project monitoring mechanism. All these factors are the result of the injunctions and deadline requirements that International Plan has to face from the donors and the combined lack of qualified resources within the partner structures for the development of a mobilization mechanism. funding, as well as post-project monitoring.