Since the nineties years until nowadays, many industrialized countries adopted the inflation targeting strategy, following per other transition countries thus as other developing countries. In this framework, the monetary authorities are attached to announce an explicit target range of inflation rate foreseen on one or several periods. The inflation targeting requires the strengthening of communication between the monetary authorities and the public what enhance accountability and the discipline of the Central Bank towards its commitment to respect the realization of the objectives announced of its monetary policy in terms of inflation. The monetary authorities must be transparent concerning their monetary policy and will be judged, or even punished on all deviation from the target announced. The station results in a loss of credibility expressed by the economy actors.
Through this paper, firstly, we discuss the theoretical background of this approach to inflation targeting as a new monetary policy rule. To do this, we have tried to practice this new strategy of inflation targeting while presenting its main interests, preconditions, its advantages and unwinding mechanisms. In a second time, we were moving to concrete examples through the main experiences of Industrialized Countries Central Banks, which are in fact the first precursors to incorporate explicit inflation targets in the formulation of monetary policies following this new strategy target, followed by other Transition countries (Czech Republic, Romania ... etc..) and some in developing countries such as Brazil and the Philippines, ... etc. which are actually encouraged by good results achieved by the major Western countries.