This study analyzes the different levels of risk linked to the choice of management of agricultural calendar for maize production in southern Benin. For this purpose a series of simulations of potential yields of the variety DMR-ESR-W of maize was carried out with the model SARRA-H V3.2 by shifting of an decade (10 days), from February to November, the automatic search of the sowing date between 1971 and 2010. Thus, it has been possible to show the seasonal dynamics of the percentage of successful sowing, of potential yield and of grain desiccation date depending on the sowing date. It appears that the maximums of percentage of successful sowing and of potential yield are obtained when it sow at the start of the rainy season. However, considering biotic constraints on the choice of the sowing date, it appears that the sowing date becomes: the first half of May for the long rainy season and the first half of September for the short rainy season. However, between the dates of onset of rains (early April) and sowing date (early May) for the long rainy season, there is a lag of about one month, which raises the question of the relevance of adopting varieties maize 90 days for long rainy season as an Adaptation.