[ Étude de l’aptitude des eaux souterraines de Touba à l’irrigation ]
Ibra Kandji1, Papa Babacar Diop Thioune2, and Mouhamadou Masseck Fall3
1 Laboratoire BIOGERENAT, Institut Supérieur Formation Agricole et Rural (ISFAR) BP 54, Université Alioune de Bambey, Senegal
2 Equipe de recherche Biodiversité, Gestion des Ressources Naturelles et Changement Climatique (BIOGERENAT), Université Alioune Diop (UAD), Institut Supérieur de Formation Agricole et Rural (ISFAR), BP 54, Bambey, Senegal
3 LaSTEE, Ecole Polytechnique de Thies, , BP A10, Seneg, Senegal
Original language: French
Copyright © 2026 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
With no surface water available during the dry season in Touba, using groundwater for irrigation is a real alternative. In general, the poor quality of irrigation water has an effect on soil quality, which is harmful to plant growth and therefore has an impact on yield. Irrigation water can even pose a risk to human health. It is crucial to assess the quality of irrigation water before use. Consequently, the aim of this study is to assess the suitability of the groundwater in TOUBA and the surrounding area for irrigation. For the purposes of this study, the Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), the Magnesium Absorption Ratio (MAR), the Doneen Permeability Index (IP) and the Potential Salinity (SP) were calculated for sixteen (16) boreholes tapping the Maastrichtian aquifer. The determination of these parameters is based on hydro-chemical data (Electrical Conductivity (EC), concentration of chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO4 2-), calcium (Ca 2+), bicarbonate (H03-), magnesium (Mg 2+), sodium (Na +) and potassium (K+) ions) received from the Water Resources Management and Planning Department (DGPRE) and the Rural Drilling Office (OFOR). According to the SAR, 12.5% are C3S1, 12.5% C1S4, 31.25% C4S3-C3S4, 6.25% C2S4 and 37.5% C4S4. 93.75% of the samples have a MAR above 60% [FAO limit]. Determination of the Doneen index (PI) shows that all the samples have PI above 75%. However, only 18.75% of the waters studied have the SP values recommended by Doneen.
Author Keywords: groundwater, hydrochemical, Sample, Maastrichtian, soil.
Ibra Kandji1, Papa Babacar Diop Thioune2, and Mouhamadou Masseck Fall3
1 Laboratoire BIOGERENAT, Institut Supérieur Formation Agricole et Rural (ISFAR) BP 54, Université Alioune de Bambey, Senegal
2 Equipe de recherche Biodiversité, Gestion des Ressources Naturelles et Changement Climatique (BIOGERENAT), Université Alioune Diop (UAD), Institut Supérieur de Formation Agricole et Rural (ISFAR), BP 54, Bambey, Senegal
3 LaSTEE, Ecole Polytechnique de Thies, , BP A10, Seneg, Senegal
Original language: French
Copyright © 2026 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
With no surface water available during the dry season in Touba, using groundwater for irrigation is a real alternative. In general, the poor quality of irrigation water has an effect on soil quality, which is harmful to plant growth and therefore has an impact on yield. Irrigation water can even pose a risk to human health. It is crucial to assess the quality of irrigation water before use. Consequently, the aim of this study is to assess the suitability of the groundwater in TOUBA and the surrounding area for irrigation. For the purposes of this study, the Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), the Magnesium Absorption Ratio (MAR), the Doneen Permeability Index (IP) and the Potential Salinity (SP) were calculated for sixteen (16) boreholes tapping the Maastrichtian aquifer. The determination of these parameters is based on hydro-chemical data (Electrical Conductivity (EC), concentration of chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO4 2-), calcium (Ca 2+), bicarbonate (H03-), magnesium (Mg 2+), sodium (Na +) and potassium (K+) ions) received from the Water Resources Management and Planning Department (DGPRE) and the Rural Drilling Office (OFOR). According to the SAR, 12.5% are C3S1, 12.5% C1S4, 31.25% C4S3-C3S4, 6.25% C2S4 and 37.5% C4S4. 93.75% of the samples have a MAR above 60% [FAO limit]. Determination of the Doneen index (PI) shows that all the samples have PI above 75%. However, only 18.75% of the waters studied have the SP values recommended by Doneen.
Author Keywords: groundwater, hydrochemical, Sample, Maastrichtian, soil.
Abstract: (french)
Avec l’absence des eaux de surface durant la saison sèche à Touba, le recours aux eaux souterraines pour l’irrigation constitue un véritable alternatif. En général, la mauvaise qualité de l’eau d’irrigation à des effets sur la qualité du sol, ce qui est nuisible à la croissance des plantes, et donc a un impact sur le rendement. L’eau d’irrigation peut même constituer un risque pour la santé humaine. Il est crucial de bien évaluer la qualité de l’eau destinée à l’irrigation avant toute utilisation. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer l’adéquation des eaux souterraines de TOUBA et ses environs à l’irrigation. Pour bien mener cette étude, le rapport d’absorption de Sodium (SAR), le rapport d’absorption de Magnésium (MAR), l’indice de perméabilité de Doneen (IP) et la salinité potentielle (SP) ont été calculés sur seize (16) forages captant la nappe Maastrichtienne. La détermination de ces paramètres précités repose sur les données hydro-chimiques (Conductivité Electrique (CE), concentration des ions de chlorure (Cl-), sulfate (SO4 2-), calcium (Ca 2+), bicarbonate (H03-), Magnésium (Mg 2+), Sodium (Na +), et potassium (K+)) de la nappe reçues de la Direction de la Gestion et de la Planification des Ressources en Eau (DGPRE) et de l’Office des Forages Ruraux (OFOR). Selon le SAR 12,5% sont de C3S1, 12,5% de C1S4, 31,25% de classe C4S3-C3S4, 6,25% de classe C2S4 et 37,5% de classe C4S4. 93,75% des échantillons ont un MAR supérieur à 60% [valeur limite de la FAO]. La détermination de l’indice de Doneen (IP) montre que tous les échantillons ont des IP supérieurs à 75%. Par contre, seul 18,75% des eaux étudiées ont des valeurs de SP recommandées par Doneen.
Author Keywords: nappe, hydrochimiques, échantillons, Maastrichtienne, sol.
