[ Comparaison de quatre techniques de pollinisation sur la maintenance phénotypique de lignées épurées du maïs (Zea mays L.) à Kinshasa ]
Christophe Asanzi Mbeyame1, David Nsimba Nsiku2, and Marie-Thérèse Kilima Salima3
1 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques et Environnement, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, RD Congo
2 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques et Environnement, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, RD Congo
3 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques et Environnement, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2026 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The present study consists in comparing pollination techniques in order to maintain the phenotypic characteristics of maize inbred lines. In fact, the objective of this work was to detect the influence of different pollination techniques on the maintenance of some characters of four maize inbred lines (i.e., REGN, CZL0919, MUL692 and CML312) in order to identify the most conservative multiplication technique of these inbred lines. To achieve this, two experiments were carried out. The first one consisted in maintaining the inbred lines according to the four techniques (selfing, SIB crossing, pollination with pollen bulk, and natural pollination in an isolated crossing block); and the second one consisted in the evaluation of their descendants (offspring) according to a split splot design with three replications at the Seed Production Center (CEPROSEM). The results of this study revealed that the selfing method presented the lowest genetic variance to the initial population. Therefore, this explains that the selfing method is the most conservative mode of multiplication. Notwithstanding, moving from one season to another, one should switch between self-fertilization (selfing) and the pollinisation with a bulk of pollen (half-sib), whether that being natural or artificial, to avoid the phenomenon of gene depression.
Author Keywords: heredity, trait, inbreeding, gene, fertilization, seeds, hybrids.
Christophe Asanzi Mbeyame1, David Nsimba Nsiku2, and Marie-Thérèse Kilima Salima3
1 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques et Environnement, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, RD Congo
2 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques et Environnement, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, RD Congo
3 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques et Environnement, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2026 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The present study consists in comparing pollination techniques in order to maintain the phenotypic characteristics of maize inbred lines. In fact, the objective of this work was to detect the influence of different pollination techniques on the maintenance of some characters of four maize inbred lines (i.e., REGN, CZL0919, MUL692 and CML312) in order to identify the most conservative multiplication technique of these inbred lines. To achieve this, two experiments were carried out. The first one consisted in maintaining the inbred lines according to the four techniques (selfing, SIB crossing, pollination with pollen bulk, and natural pollination in an isolated crossing block); and the second one consisted in the evaluation of their descendants (offspring) according to a split splot design with three replications at the Seed Production Center (CEPROSEM). The results of this study revealed that the selfing method presented the lowest genetic variance to the initial population. Therefore, this explains that the selfing method is the most conservative mode of multiplication. Notwithstanding, moving from one season to another, one should switch between self-fertilization (selfing) and the pollinisation with a bulk of pollen (half-sib), whether that being natural or artificial, to avoid the phenomenon of gene depression.
Author Keywords: heredity, trait, inbreeding, gene, fertilization, seeds, hybrids.
Abstract: (french)
Le présent travail consiste à comparer les techniques de pollinisation en vue de maintenir quelques caractères phénotypiques de quatre lignées épurées du maïs (REGN, CZL0919, MUL692 et CML312). L’objectif est de mettre en évidence la technique de multiplication la plus conservatrice de ces lignées de maïs. Pour y arriver, deux expériences ont été conduites: la première a consisté au maintien des lignées suivant les quatre techniques (Auto-fécondation « Selfing«, pollinisation enchaînée plant à plant « S.I.B Crossing», pollinisation avec mélange de grains de pollen « Bulk » et la pollinisation naturelle sur un bloc de croisement isolé; et la seconde a consisté en l’évaluation de leurs descendances suivant un dispositif en parcelles subdivisées (split splot design) avec trois répétitions, pendant la campagne agricole 2020-2021 au Centre de Production de Semences (CEPROSEM). Les résultats issus de cette étude ont révélé que la technique d’auto-fécondation a présenté une distance génétique plus faible par rapport au matériel initial. Ceci explique que l’auto-fécondation est le mode de multiplication le plus conservateur de lignées comparées, suivie du mélange de grains de pollen. Nonobstant, pour passer d’une saison à l’autre, il est recommandé d’alterner l’auto-fécondation et la pollinisation avec mélange de grains de pollen (demi-frères) qu’il soit naturel ou artificiel, en vue d’éviter le phénomène de la consanguinité.
Author Keywords: hérédité, caractère, consanguinité, gène, fécondation, semences, hybrides.
